Petrarch formalized and popularized which literary form?

Identify the composer and work heard in the listening example

a. Josquin, Ave Maria b. Hildegard of Bingen, O rubor sanguinis c. Countess of Dia, A chantar m’er d. Anonymous, Pavane e. Machaut, Kyrie from Messe de Nostre Dame (Mass of Our Lady)

What is the original meaning of a cartoon as used by art professionals?

a)  A cartoon is a full-size preparatory drawing for a large work in another medium, such as a tapestry, a mural, or a mosaic. b)  A cartoon is a humorous or satirical drawing in a newspaper or magazine. c)  A cartoon means pictures in graphic novels and comic books. d)  A cartoon means funny animations.