The most popular trait theory today is the

Why is research on language comprehension easier to conduct than research on language production?

a. Language comprehension occurs more frequently than language production. b. Language comprehension can be studied with participants of all ages, whereas language production can only be studied in older children and adults. c. Language comprehension is more overt, whereas language production is more covert. d. It is easier to manipulate a variable that can influence language comprehension than it is to manipulate a variable that can influence language production.

According to the chapter I'm Warning You, what was the scenario and independent variable for the

second experiment? (a) a confederate either did or did not model the desired behavior, and the desired behavior was a high cost for the participants (b) no confederate was present, the desired behavior was either a high cost or a low cost for the participants (c) a confederate modeled the undesired or desired behavior, and the desired behavior was a low cost for the participants (d) a confederate either did or did not model the desired behavior, and the desired behavior was a low cost for the participants