Which personality disorder is characterized by a fear of separating from others looked to for advice and reassurance?

Laughter reflects

A) increased sensitivity to object permanence. B) sensitivity to the human face. C) an infant's capacity to respond to passive stimuli. D) faster processing of information than smiling.

Platt (1973) suggested all of the following principles to draw people out of social traps EXCEPT

A) moving the future negative consequences into the present. B) adding immediate punishments for undesirable behaviors. C) emphasizing descriptive norms rather than injunctive norms. D) reinforcing more desirable environmental alternatives.