Define malapportionment. Identify the U.S. Supreme Court's rulings regarding its constitutionality

What will be an ideal response?

An ideal response would be:
As a result of huge differences in population among the districts, state legislative districts used to face problems of malapportionment. State legislatures for decades had given rural and small-town voters more votes in the legislature than they were entitled to based on population alone. In Georgia, for instance, the 1960 reapportionment gave the largest county, with 556,326 inhabitants, no more representation than the three smallest counties, whose combined population was 6,980 . City officials complained bitterly that small-town and farmland-dominated legislators were unsympathetic to their problems and had different legislative priorities.
Malapportionment refers to having legislative districts with unequal populations. The U.S. Supreme Court stepped in. In 1962, in Baker v. Carr, the Court held that voters have standing to challenge legislative apportionment and that the federal courts should consider such questions. Arbitrary and capriciously drawn districts deprive people of their constitutional rights of representation, and federal judges may take jurisdiction over such cases.