Grunig's International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) Foundation research study on excellence notes all of the following about public relations EXCEPT

A) it saves the organization money by reducing costs of litigation, regulation, and legislation.
B) it helps the organization make money by cultivating relationships.
C) it repairs problems and regains lost revenue from bad relationships with publics.
D) it assists top management in developing policy.
E) it can easily change a negative reputation into a positive one.

Answer: E