Older adults have ___________ vocabularies but _____________ fluency

Some research examining the facial feedback hypothesis

has found that subliminal exposure to faces displaying a specific emotion is associated with changes in the observer's facial muscles that correspond to that displayed emotion. These findings have not been consistently repeated, however. This makes it harder to know if subliminal emotional perception is or is not real due to the concept of A) ruling out rival hypotheses. B) Occam's Razor. C) correlation versus causation. D) replicability.

Training of health psychologists and therapists needs to be enhanced in these areas:

a. cultural competency and awareness of the lifespan issues b. understanding empirical research and more familiarity using sites such as WebMD c. understanding a second language, and psycholinguistics d. psychopharmacoloty and the medical model.