When English is the patient's second language, particular care must be taken to ensure that the patient understands all instructions

Which of the following explains how a violation of Westgard Rule R4s is identified?

A) The difference between two consecutive data points is at least 4 SD, and one data point lies above + 2s and the other lies below - 2s. B) The result from a single control run lies outside the range ± 3s. C) The result from one control lies above + 2s, and the result from a different control lies below - 3s. D) Both A and C are correct.

Which of the following is a common age-related change in the respiratory system of geriatric patients?

A. Reduced strength and endurance of respiratory muscles B. Smaller, narrower airways C. Trouble remembering to breathe D. Excessive mucus production