A __________ independent variable can be manipulated by the researcher

When Dave was told by his doctor that he was in the advanced stages of cancer,

Dave immediately questioned the report and sought a second opinion from another doctor. Dave is exhibiting which reaction to impending death? a. acceptance b. bargaining c. depression d. denial and isolation

When researchers try to induce mild, temporary depression in participants, they often have the participants recite depressing statements

This strategy is often successful, but in some cases these people act differently than truly depressed people. From this, we might conclude that in some cases this technique shows low levels of a. construct validity. b. external validity. c. divergent validity. d. convergent validity.