Which of the following would be most difficult for Francis Galton to explain with his theories?
A) Close family relatives often have similar traits.
B) Sometimes children from very humble families become very successful.
C) Successful parents often have successful children.
D) In the United States, Whites are, on average, more successful than non-Whites.
Answer: B
Rationale: Galton believed that heredity (genetics) explained psychological differences among people. The idea of hereditary psychology fit Galton's beliefs about social class specifically that the reason why some people, races, and families were more successful than others was because they had "better" genes. The idea that a child from humble beginnings—and therefore bad genes—could become successful conflicts with Galton's beliefs.
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