A trade surplus occurs as a result of which of the following?

Austin Brands Company uses standard costs for its manufacturing division

Standards specify 0.1 direct labor hours per unit of product. At the beginning of the year, the static budget for variable overhead costs included the following data: Production volume 6,300 units Budgeted variable overhead costs $15,000 Budgeted direct labor hours 630 hours At the end of the year, actual data were as follows: Production volume 4,200 units Actual variable overhead costs $15,000 Actual direct labor hours 480 hours What is the variable overhead cost variance? (Round any intermediate calculations to the nearest cent, and your final answer to the nearest dollar.) A) $15,000 U B) $15,000 F C) $3,571 U D) $4,687 F

To lessen the impact of catastrophic losses, many insurers use all the following except:

A) contingent surplus notes B) catastrophe bonds C) forward purchase options D) exchange traded options