Alternately, in order to decrease the likelihood of an unwanted behavior, parents use __________________________ (e.g., removing privileges following inconsiderate behavior toward a sibling).

Which of the following, if any, are consistent with behaviorist theories of the development of sexual orientation?

a. We learn our orientation over time due to reinforcements and punishments of certain behaviors. b. We are born with our sexual orientations and they emerge over time. c. There is a critical period in early childhood during which sexual orientation is learned. d. None of the above.

Pedro is age 65 and was married for 42 years. His children are concerned because their mother died over 3 years ago but their father continues in unrelenting grief. Their father cannot seem to let go of the loss of his spouse. He has intrusive memories that impede normal functioning. Pedro is experiencing

a) extreme grief. b) complicated grief. c) complicated mourning. d) depressionalization.