Interest groups are modern-day equivalents of what James Madison called ______

The collective characteristics ascribed to the people within a state are known as the state's

a. socialization. b. nationalism. c. national character. d. demography.

Political endorsements by interest groups are

A. important because the group can publicize its choices in its membership publication. B. not very important because while candidates can publicize the fact that their campaign is endorsed by groups, they cannot identify the specific source of the endorsement. C. relatively ineffective today. D. a violation of campaign finance reform laws. E. allowed only in local elections, but forbidden in races for federal office.