Hippocrates diagnoses one of his patients as suffering from mania. The patient is

Josh has taken his sister Carol's favorite doll and scribbled all over the doll with a magic marker. Carol tells her brother that she hates him and pushes him to the floor. Carol's mother gets angry with Carol and tells her that "only bad people hate their brothers" and makes Carol kiss her little brother. According to Rogers, Carol may have difficulties dealing with her feelings of anger in the

future because of a. organismic valuing. b. conditions of worth. c. congruence. d. androgyny.

"I do not think about an upcoming exam so that I will not get anxious." This pattern of behavior probably evolved as a function of _____

A) ?positive reinforcement B) ?extinction C) ?positive punishment D) ?negative punishment