A) Contrast the structuralist and functionalist forces in the history of psychology. b) Discuss the emergence of behaviorism in psychology and describe how it differed from structuralism and functionalism
What will be an ideal response?
Essay should include:
a) Structuralist perspective – consciousness could be divided into a combination of objective sensations and subjective feelings. The mind functions by combining these; focuses on introspection. Functionalists disagreed that consciousness could be divided. Functionalism focused on behavior and consciousness, how experience influences adaptation, and direct observation of the functions of the mind rather than the elements of experience.
b) Watson believed that for psychology to be a science it must focus on behavior alone and not consciousness. Behaviorism – focus on learning, observable/measurable behavior, ignoring mental processes; reinforcement.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Which of these problems is common in Korsakoff's syndrome and in other people with damage to the prefrontal cortex?
a. Using guesses to fill in the gaps in memory b. Remembering only the sad events in life and not the pleasant ones c. Excessive doubts about whether a decision was a good one d. Habitually repeating someone's question aloud before answering it