If the teacher scolds her students for talking and they decrease their talking, the teacher has used
a. negative reinforcement.
b. response cost.
c. positive punishment.
d. negative punishment.
ANSWER: c
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Identify the next logical step in the following experimental design sequence: choose the number of independent variables, distinguish the number of levels within the independent variable, obtain animal littermates and create natural sets,
a) conduct a multiple correlated groups study b) conduct a multiple independent groups study. c) analyze a one-way repeated measures ANOVA. d) analyze a once-way ANOVA for independent groups.
Which stage of creative thought produces the "Aha!" experience and is often depicted in cartoons as a light bulb appearing over the thinker's head as the solution to the problem occurs?
a. verification b. incubation c. illumination d. fixation