What is the cultural "echo chamber," and how has the rise of the Internet and social media contributed to this phenomenon?

Compare Anglo-American courts to those in Russia

A) Anglo-American courts include bourgeois concepts, such as property law and civil rights, whereas the Soviet-developed Russian system excludes these concepts. B) The Russian court is a passive institution that does not seek to correct lawbreakers or to apprehend criminals, whereas the Anglo-American system is an active institution. C) Courts in Russia frequently indict politicians disloyal to the president's agenda, whereas Anglo-American courts remain separate from politics. D) Russian courts represent the upper class, while American courts protect the interests of common laborers.

In 2012, Japan's defense budget ranked ____________ in the world

a. fourth b. fifth c. sixth d. seventh e. eighth