Dr. Mahr is studying the heritability of shyness. Because her research participants are adolescents from different socioeconomic groups across the county, the heritability of self-confidence will appear to be ____

A group of scientists has been asked to report on the efforts to identify the specific genes involved in bipolar disorder. What are they likely to conclude?

a) The gene is located on the sex chromosomes. b) Current research suggests that a combination of dozens of genes is responsible for the disorder. c) The genes involved are likely to be different depending on the individual's sex and ethnic background. d) The search continues because several genes have been identified but few have been found in more than one study.

If you were to discuss hormone-replacement therapy with a well-informed gynecologist, which of the following statements would you be most likely to hear?

a. "In general, health-care professionals do not recommend hormone-replacement therapy.". b. "Health-care professionals are undecided about this topic, because no large-scale study has yet been conducted.". c. "If a woman has a family history of heart problems, she should take hormone-replacement therapy; otherwise, she should not take this risk.". d. "Hormone-replacement therapy helps to prevent breast cancer, but it increases the risk of hip fractures.".