Does spanking have a negative effect on development? Explain the arguments and evidence on both sides of the debate about spanking
What will be an ideal response?
Physical punishment in early childhood is associated with negative outcomes including higher aggression, reduced quality of parent-child relationships, and higher levels of child mental health issues such as depression, anxiety and substance abuse.
The contrary view is that these negative effects are mainly seen for severe spanking.
Milder spanking produces similar outcomes to other discipline methods such as verbal reminders and time-outs.
For groups in which spanking is a cultural norm, such as many Asian American and African American families, spanking is not associated with outcomes as negative as those observed among European American samples.
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The city council is considering funding a suicide hotline, and they ask you to review the literature on the topic. What will your report tell the council?
a. Special training for police officers is a better way to spend the money. b. A hot line phone service is the most economical way to reduce the rate of suicide. c. Suicide rates do not differ between communities with and without suicide prevention programs. d. Crisis hot lines must be connected with hospital emergency rooms in order to be effective.
The _____ is the most often used descriptive statistic in psychology
a. frequency distribution c. mode b. mean d. correlation