Conversational manipulation is a form of what?

Which of the following is an example of a group that has the freedom to develop its own goals?

a. agathering of neighbors meeting to discuss ways to reduce crime in their neighborhood b. agroup of students assigned a topic for a class project c. agroup of employees asked to develop recommendations for safer storage of hazardous chemicals d. agroup of students asked to serve on a task force about instituting a tobacco ban on campus e. agroup of coworkers meets to brainstorm ideas for the next public relations campaign for a client

What highly effective form of information invokes the words of respected authorities speaking against their own apparent interests?

a. expert testimony b. reluctant testimony c. triangular testimony d. ironic testimony