Sleep state misperception is sometimes referred to as paradoxical insomnia. This is because people with the condition
A) spend little to no time in REM stage sleep (i.e., paradoxical sleep).
B) believe they cannot sleep enough, but there is no physiological or medical evidence to support this.
C) shows signs of extreme sleep deprivation, but believe they sleep a sufficient amount.
D) get very little sleep, but show no signs of sleep deprivation.
Answer: B
Rationale: Sleep state misperception (SSM) is a condition in which a person underestimates their amount of sleep on a regular basis. People experiencing SSM are sometimes said to have paradoxical insomnia—they believe they cannot sleep enough, but there is no physiological or medical evidence to support this. In fact, many people experience SSM without any detriment to their daily functioning.
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Research on socialization of prejudice suggests that racial prejudice is usually well established and resistant to change by
a. ages 2-4 b. early adolescence c. young adulthood d. middle age
Consider the following passage from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer: "There are wealthy gentlemen in England who drive four-horse passenger coaches twenty or thirty miles on a daily line, in the summer, because the privilege costs them considerable money; but if they were offered wages for the service that would turn it into work then they would resign." This passage illustrates the concept of ____
a. self-handicapping b. overjustification c. the looking-glass self d. self as institution