What are the two main rationales for punishment? Provide a description of each one

What will be an ideal response?

There are a number of rationales for punishment, but two are the most common. First, there is a widespread belief that individuals who engage in inappropriate acts of aggression deserve to be punished. They have inflicted harm on others—and on society in general—and should suffer in order to make amends for this harm. This perspective suggests that the amount of punishment people ought to receive should be matched to the magnitude of harm they have caused. The second reason for punishing people who commit aggressive actions is to deter them (or others) from engaging in such behavior in the future. This basis for punishment implies that ease of detection of the crime should be given careful attention; if aggressive actions are hard to detect (e.g., they involve hidden or covert forms of harming others), they should be strongly punished because only strong punishment will deter people from engaging in actions they believe they can "get away with."