If you wanted to test the hypothesis that extreme poverty

is a root cause of civil wars in less-developed countries, you could operationally define your independent variable by using:
a. conflicts within states with at least 1,000 deaths.
b. conflicts within states with a yearly average death toll of at least 100.
c. GDP.
d. the percentage of persons living in extreme poverty.

Answer: d

Political Science

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When does the federal government's fiscal year begin?

a. January 1 b. June 1 c. October 1 d. December 1

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A federal program that guarantees benefits to qualified recipients is a(n) ______ program.

a. welfare b. mandated c. means-tested d. entitlement e. distributive

Political Science