How, other than by adjusting price, do firms in monopolistic competition compete?

Collective bargaining by unions can result in a union wage rate that is ________ the equilibrium real wage rate and creates a ________ of labor

A) below; shortage B) above; shortage C) below; surplus D) above; surplus E) equal to; surplus

In the above figure, at any price between $8 per unit to $12 per unit, how many units will a profit-maximizing perfectly competitive firm produce?

A) None, because the producer will never choose to operate at a loss. B) Less than 20 because this will reduce marginal cost. C) Between 20 and 30, because variable costs are covered so the firm's losses will be minimized by producing rather than shutting down. D) More than 30, because variable costs are covered so that the producer can earn economic profits.