________ refers to the negative (or positive) actions taken toward members of a particular group because of their membership in the group

According to Erikson's theory, which of the following is true of most toddlers?

They want to depend on their caregivers to meet all of their needs. They want to gain a sense of autonomy, or control, over their own bodies. Toilet training is only a minor step in learning a sense of autonomy. Toddlers need to learn a sense of guilt and shame in order to strengthen their sense of autonomy.

Sharing common ground with a conversational partner

a. tends to increase the occurrence of spoonerisms. b. violates the cooperative principle. c. facilitates communication. d. typically results in miscommunication.