Mary's parents want her to put her books in her bookcase. At first, they praise her for putting the books together in one pile. Then they praise her for getting the books on the same side of the room as the bookcase
When she gets the books on top of the bookcase, she gets praise. Finally, her parents praise her when she puts her books in the bookcase. This is an example of __________
a) negative reinforcement.
b) punishment.
c) extinction.
d) shaping.
d
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William Perry suggests that over the course of their college careers, students' thinking progresses through ______ levels of complexity
Fill in the blank with correct word
How do gene knockout studies help to identify the contribution of specific genes to intelligence?
a. After removing or suppressing a portion of genetic material, scientists can look for changes in intelligence. b. After inserting genetic material, scientists can see how intelligence has changed. c. Scientists can rank animals in terms of intelligence, and then see how the most intelligent animals differ genetically from the least intelligent. d. By allowing scientists to compare identical and fraternal twins.