What physiologic responses are associated with a high fat infusion? I. increased pulmonary artery pressure II. decreased arterial Pao2 III. increased Paco2 IV. increased pulmonary vascular resistance

A. II, III only
B. I, II, IV only
C. II, III, IV only
D, I, II, III, IV

?ANS: A
A. Correct response: Excess fat infusion over a short time can have deleterious effects on respiratory function. High fat infusion may clog the reticuloendothelial system (RES) with deposition of fats in leukocytes and macrophages—an effect that suppresses phagocytosis and bacterial killing. The rate of clearance from fat from the RES decreases a patient's stress technique. The rate of clearance of fat from the RES decreases as patient stress increases. There may be cumulative dose effects on the RES over several days of fat infusion. The overinfusion of fat may lead to (1) increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure, (2) increased shunting, (3) increased pulmonary vascular pressures, and (4) decreased arterial PO2 to hyperlipemia.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A.