Concern about the effects of relationships between the federal, state, and/or local governments in implementation reflects a concern about ______ implementation structures.

Why did efforts to partition federal and state responsibilities into separate and self-contained spheres fail?

a. Maintaining a balance proved difficult, so it was easier to allow the national government to handle all policies. b. Perceptions of inequality generated by different policies resulted in a move to more national policies. c. The existing federalism was the only way to redistribute funds collected from the states. d. Deciding government should provide more services and solve more problems undermined those efforts.

How did Brazil become independent?

a. Napoleon conquered Portugal and declared that Brazil was "free and independent of Portuguese oppression." b. Dissatisfied Portuguese and Indians staged a long and bloody rebellion. c. A member of the Portuguese royal family declared Brazil's independence, and Portugal did not resist the declaration. d. The United States used its naval forces to oust the communist government and establish a true democracy.