Explain the two ways in which the absence of a control variable can mask a relationship between two variables.
What will be an ideal response?
this can occur when there is a countervailing relationship or interaction between two independent variables. With the former, two highly correlated variables will cancel each other out and create the appearance of no relationship. The latter spurious non-relationship occurs when two independent variables interact to create the relationship.
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According to Jervis, which of the following has been posited as an explanation for the absence of wars between democracies?
a. The dispersal of power within democracies makes it easy for groups to block war. b. Democracies share norms and values that encourage peaceful dispute resolution. c. Democracies are more transparent than nondemocracies, making it easier to avoid spirals of conflict. d. Leaders of democratic nations are careful before choosing to fight a war because they want to stay in office. e. Democracies operate from a position of peace
The key official member of the intelligence community is the
A. Central Intelligence Agency. B. Department of Defense. C. Federal Bureau of Investigation. D. Drug Enforcement Administration. E. National Security Agency.