According to the text, what variable in an experiment is measured to calculate the results of the experiment?

Wayne is a married 71-year-old grandfather. Based on existing research, we can conclude that:

a. Wayne spends more time with his grandchildren now that they are teenagers than when they were younger. b. he has more interaction with his grandchildren than his widowed brother has with his grandchildren. c. he discusses more personal concerns with his grandchildren in middle school than he does with his grandchildren who have graduated from high school. d. being a playmate and advice giver benefits grandchildren's mental health, but does not have a significant effect on his own mental health.

Empathy refers to

a. vicariously experiencing another's feelings. b. reading minds. c. being able to resist temptation. d. knowing that someone holds a false belief.