Which of the following is NOT a personal resource in the context of political participation?

The "necessary and proper" clause states that

A) Congress shall have the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to executing its delegated powers. B) the president shall have the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to executing his delegated powers. C) the Supreme Court shall have the authority to interpret the Constitution in ways deemed necessary and proper. D) the states must execute all federal laws which are necessary and proper for the functioning of the United States. E) the president shall use all powers that are necessary and proper to protect the nation.

A research design that contains both between participants and within participants variables is called a

a. mixed design b. factorial design c. combination design d. double variable design