What liabilities are placed on states or person, by international conventions, for causing environmental damage?

What will be an ideal response?

There are a few conventions that impose liability on persons who cause damage to the environment. These conventions, in general, define the nature of the liability, the persons who are liable, and the extent of their liability. Thus, with respect to damage resulting from the use of nuclear materials, the operators of nuclear installations are made "absolutely and exclusively" liable for any damage they cause. This includes continuing liability for damage that occurs while nuclear materials are being transported by ship from one installation to another. States parties are allowed to set liability limits, but these can be no less than 5 million U.S. gold-based dollars. Similar rules apply to marine oil pollution. The operators of oil tankers or other ships that pollute the ocean with oil are liable "regardless of fault or negligence" up to a maximum limit of 59.7 million Special Drawing Rights (about U.S. $76.5 million), depending on the tonnage of the ship. Victims who suffer damages exceeding this amount can seek additional compensation from an International Fund for Compensation of Oil Pollution Damage.