According to the ___________ approach, there are certain types of concepts that have specific neural circuits in the brain.

Behaviorists differed from functionalists in their belief that

a. all mental events are available through introspection. b. behavior can be shaped more successfully through punishment than through reinforcement. c. evolution affected only the body, not behaviors. d. mental events were beyond the scope of psychology. e. animals were NOT acceptable research subjects in trying to understand human behavior.

Which type of conditioning was formulated by Ivan Pavlov, the Russian physiologist who studied the digestive process in dogs?

a) operant conditioning b) classical conditioning c) observational learning d) vicarious conditioning