A system by which firms assign their customers for collection purposes to regional banks that transfer funds to a central bank is known as:

Which of the following always results in an increase in equilibrium price and quantity?

A) an increase in supply and a decrease in demand B) an increase in demand with no change in supply C) an increase in supply with no change in demand D) all of the above

Positive spending shocks lead to ________ output ________

A) higher; in both the short and long runs B) higher; in the short run but not in the long run C) lower; in both the short and long runs D) lower; in the short run but not in the long run