A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and, thus ________ the probability of a response
a) removed; increases
b) removed; decreases
c) presented; increases
d) presented; decreases
ANS: A, Negative reinforcement entails removing a noxious stimulus to get the subject to learn to do a behavior.
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Mr. and Mrs. Stevens have been married for 35 years. Their kids think their relationship is without passion and intimacy or typical of __________ love, when in fact it is full of intimacy and commitment, which is indicative of __________ love
a. emotional; empty b. emotional; romantic c. empty; companionate d. passion; storge
In a panic-induction study, Bradwejn, Koszycki, and Shriqui (1991 ) found that intravenous injections of CCK had which of the following effects?
a) There was no difference between CCK and saline (placebo) injection in either the panic disorder or control group. b) It induced panic in those participants with injection phobias. c) It induced panic in all clinical participants and half of the controls. d) Panic symptoms were ameliorated after CCK injections.