As he attempted to spell the word "receive," Tim reminded himself "i before e except after c." Tim's self-reminder best illustrates the use of

Lucas believes that, because women take longer to learn mechanical skills at his factory, they have less mechanical aptitude, and therefore he is justified in not hiring any women. Lucas's belief system is best thought of as an example of:

a. the inoculation effect. b. the self-fulfilling prophecy. c. the initiation effect. d. the "turn about is fair play" effect.

What do academic approaches to early childhood education focus on?

a. A child's natural physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development b. Instruction in skills needed to excel in school c. Encouraging children to begin school at equal levels of knowledge d. Giving children a boost prior to kindergarten