Edward MacDowell was a member of the Second New England School of Composers.

The Catholic Church punished astronomer Giordana Bruno by

a. life imprisonment. b. burning at the stake. c. banishment from Rome. d. forced public retraction.

As absolute monarch, ________ brought France to a position of political and military preeminence among the European nation-states.

A. Louis V B. Louis X C. Louis XV D. Louis XIV