According to the article Zipping Up the Genes about twins reared apart, the kind of thinking in which
behavior is thought to be caused by one or another single factor, such as nature or nurture, is called
(a) divergent thought
(b) transcendental thought
(c) concrete focused thought
(d) dichotomous thought
D
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A researcher has observed many four-year old girls preferring to dress in pink, wear ballerina tutus, and dancing on tip-toe. She defines these behaviors as "gender-role play"-- and theorizes that this behavior will be seen cross-culturally and that one will also find "gender-role play" in four-year old boys. She develops an inventory to measure "gender-role play" and uses it to test her hypothesis. In this case, "gender-role play"--a inferred cause of observed behaviors--is an example of _________________.
a. a hypothesis b. a psychological construct c. an operational definition d. an independent variable
Regarding operant conditioning, which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
A) A student is sent to detention for fighting B) A student is exempted from a weekly quiz for exemplary homework C) A student loses earned free time for playing with lab equipment D) A student turns in neater homework when the teacher praises neatness