In 2012, ________ African countries held democratic elections.

Why might political parties shy away from taking strong policy positions?

a. Party discipline may be high, but ideological differences continue to divide. b. Party membership is too moderate. c. Parties have no way to bind their elected officials to a party platform. d. Party powers are limited by the U.S. Constitution.

Keynesians in Congress would support increasing __________ as a means to address high levels of unemployment

Fill in the blanks with correct word