What is the most important information shortcut voters use to make predictions?

Which of the following arguments would most like be made by an opponent of affirmative action policies?

a. Unaddressed past discrimination causes perpetual inequality b. Discrimination is a natural part of the human experience. c. Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race. d. Diversity helps Americans better understand each other.

Which type of single case design methodology involves researchers having a small number of participants that receive the independent variable at varying times?

a. AB b. ABA c. Multiple baseline d. ABAB