The sale of marijuana is legal in a number of states, but only California and Colorado allow recreational use

Which of the following statements is true regarding the "suspect classification" doctrine?

a. Government cannot make distinctions based on race or citizenship under any circumstance because they are considered suspect classifications. b. The Supreme Court has held that race is a suspect classification but age and gender are not. c. The government can make distinctions based on suspect classifications only if it can demonstrate "compelling interest" for such actions. d. The 1964 Civil Rights Act invalidated the suspect classifications doctrine. e. The Voting Rights Act invalidated the suspect classifications doctrine.

When the Supreme Court decides an issue, all courts in the United States are obligated to abide by this decision. Which of these terms is used to describe this situation?

A) stare decisis B) amicus brief C) jurisdiction D) judicial restraint E) concurring opinion