A researcher develops a test in which participants are first given a list of types of fruit that includes the words "grapes, bananas, apples, oranges, and cherries" and asked to identify which is the longest. A while later, they are given the word stem "ban_____" and are asked to complete the word as quickly as possible. When a participant fills out the word by writing "banana," he or she is

One potential drawback to the use of mnemonic devices is that they

A) can help with rote memorization; they may not improve your understanding of material. B) can lead to the formation of false memories that seem real. C) cannot be used to remember more than approximately 20 items. D) are usually only useful for remembering information for short periods of time.

When a man's wife approaches him about the many problems in their marriage, he is puzzled and wonders privately whether his wife's concerns should cause him stress. According to Richard Lazarus, the man is engaged in

a. emotional appraisal. b. primary cognitive appraisal. c. secondary cognitive appraisal. d. denial.