Relying on experiments and statistical analysis of real-world observations is the premise behind:

In the figure above, the demand curve shifts rightward from D0 to D1 so that D1 is the relevant demand curve. Suppose the government imposes a rent ceiling of $500 per month. In the short run there will be

A) a surplus of apartments. B) a shortage of 200,000 apartments. C) a shortage of 300,000 apartments. D) neither a shortage nor a surplus of apartments.

The expected rate of change in the nominal dollar/euro exchange rate is best described as

A) the expected rate of change in the real dollar/euro exchange rate minus the U.S.-Europe expected inflation difference. B) the expected rate of change in the real dollar/euro exchange rate plus the U.S.-Europe real interest rate difference. C) the expected rate of change in the real dollar/euro exchange rate plus the U.S.-Europe expected inflation difference. D) the expected rate of change in the real dollar/euro exchange rate minus the U.S.-Europe real interest rate difference. E) the expected rate of change in the real dollar/euro exchange rate plus the European expected inflation.