What does the text suggest about reducing prejudice using interventions based on the ignorance hypothesis and the goal-based approach?
A) Interventions based on the goal-based approach are more effective than interventions based on the ignorance hypothesis.
B) Interventions based on the ignorance hypothesis are more effective than interventions based on the goal-based approach.
C) Interventions based on both of the approaches are highly effective in reducing prejudice.
D) Interventions based on both of the approaches are more likely to increase prejudice than decrease it.
Answer: A
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Which of the following statements best reflects the results of the Pew survey on afterlife beliefs within the United States?
a. Only a small percentage of Americans believe in life after death. b. Afterlife beliefs were high among Christians, but quite low among other religions such as Muslims and Hindus. c. Most Americans are tolerant of different views about religion and the afterlife, believing that many religions can lead to eternal life. d. Across religious groups, people are somewhat more likely to believe in hell than to believe in heaven.
Ross and colleagues (2004) randomly assigned participants previously identified as either competitive or cooperative to one of two games: the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game."
They found that two-thirds of the players in the "Wall Street Game" behaved competitively compared to one-third of people who played the "Community Game" who behaved competitively. What do these findings suggest? a. True personality differences do not exist. b. It is not important to study individual differences in personality. c. Seemingly minor aspects of a social situation can override personality differences. d. All the competitive people ended up playing the "Wall Street Game."