The difference between actual reserves and required reserves is

Between 2015 and 2016, if an economy's exports rise by $8 billion and its imports fall by $8 billion, by how much will GDP change between the two years, all else equal?

A) The increase in exports is offset by the decrease in imports, so there is no change in net exports and no effect on GDP. B) Net exports will decrease GDP by $8 billion. C) Net exports will increase GDP by $8 billion. D) Net exports will increase GDP by $16 billion.

In the short run, average variable cost is always less than average total cost

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false