In 2004, the Supreme Court upheld a federal appellate court ruling that the words "under God" must be removed from the Pledge of Allegiance

What historical event or phenomenon does Frankel use to support the argument that globalization is not irreversible?

a. the fragmentation of states resulting from the collapse of the Soviet Union b. the political forces that fragmented the world for thirty years between 1914 and 1944 c. the decline in world trade and manufacturing during the initial years of the Cold War d. the global economic recession and corresponding reduction in trade of the 2008–2009 period e. the global contraction of trade and wealth that resulted from both energy commodity scares and protectionist measures in the early 1970s

Which permanent committee consists of both chambers of Congress, does not propose legislation, and is investigative in nature, focusing on issues of general concern?

a. conference committee b. standing committee c. joint committee d. select committee e. ad hoc committee