By the mid-1980s, what was the main way of gathering opinions?

Which of the following represents a weakness of dependency theory?

a. Fernando Cardoso's failure to turn around Brazil's economy after being elected president and relying heavily on dependency theory to guide his policies b. The phenomenon of "dual economies" in the Third World c. Failure to explain why some "peripheral" countries in East Asia grew faster than the United States and Europe in the 1980s and 1990s d. Attribution of the North-South divide to historical imperialism and the nature of capitalist globalization e. The inability to account for the failure of many poor countries to benefit from global economic liberalization to the extent that orthodox liberal economic theory predicted

The willingness to engage in partisan competition separates which two of the voter participation groups?

A. Campaigners from complete activists B. Inactive voters from campaigners C. Parochial participants from communalists D. Inactive voters from parochial participants E. Communalists from campaigners