The psychological situation, expectancy, and reinforcement value are important concepts in the theory proposed by

A 70-year-old man defines middle age as 50 years of age. A 10-year-old child defines middle age as 35 years of age. Their estimates differ because of

a. selective attention. b. perceptual constancy. c. perceptual defense. d. their frame of reference.

Which statement would best reflect Arthur Jensen's views concerning IQ and preschool enrichment programs?

A) Exceptional teaching strategies can boost children's IQ scores. B) Preschool enrichment programs are likely to negatively affect children's IQ scores. C) Preschool enrichment programs cannot appreciably boost children's IQ scores. D) Preschool enrichment programs can significantly boost children's IQ scores.