Explain why the original Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Act was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, and describe how the new Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Act avoided that constitutional problem.

What will be an ideal response?

Originally, when the president and Congress disagreed about budget cuts, the General Accounting Office was to act in determining budget cuts. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the GAO, a legislative organization, could not perform the executive act of ordering budget cuts for specific executive agencies. The scorekeeper role was subsequently reassigned to the Office of Management and Budget, in the Executive Office of the President.