On palpating the neck region of a patient on a mechanical ventilator, you notice a crackling sound and sensation. What is the most likely cause of this observation?
a. Subcutaneous emphysema
b. Upper bronchial obstruction
c. Pneumonia of the upper lobes
d. Atelectasis of the upper lobes
ANS: A
Subcutaneous emphysema is caused by air trapped in the subcutaneous tissues and is usually due to an air leak from the lung.
Health Professions
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Consider a hemorrhagic stroke if the patient describes it as:
A) lasting for more than 18-24 hours. B) sudden in onset and "the worst headache of my life." C) being accompanied by nausea and photosensitivity. D) dull or achy pain with a feeling of forceful pressure.
Health Professions
Stroke volume can be calculated using which formula?
a. Ejection fraction ? heart rate b. End-diastolic volume ? end-systolic vol-ume c. Ejection fraction ? end-systolic volume d. Cardiac output รท end-diastolic volume
Health Professions