Which of the following is not a weakness in the use of analogical reasoning to make foreign policy decisions?

a. Policymakers assume that two situations are similar because of one characteristic,
when in reality they are very different and the same policy cannot be applied to
both situations.
b. It is often difficult to identify the presence of false analogies before policy is
implemented.
c. Policymakers may apply analogies to suit their own ideological biases.
d. Analogies give policymakers guidelines for understanding a new situation, as
well as suggesting possible options for resolving the crisis based on past
experience.

d